Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, Vol. 2004(2004), No. 23, pp. 1-12. Title: Existence of positive solutions for fractional differential equations with Riemann-Liouville left-hand and right-hand fractional derivatives Author: Shuqin Zhang (Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China) Abstract: Combining properties of Riemann-Liouville fractional calculus and fixed point theorems, we obtain three existence results of one positive solution and of multiple positive solutions for initial value problems with fractional differential equations. Submitted June 15, 2003. Published February 16, 2004. Math Subject Classifications: 34B15. Key Words: Existence of positive solution; fractional differential equation; fixed point; cone.