Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, Vol. 2009(2009), No. 15, pp. 1-21. Title: Structured matrix numerical solution of the nonlinear schrodinger equation by the inverse scattering transform Authors: Antonio Arico (Univ. di Cagliari, Italy) Cornelis van der Mee (Univ. di Cagliari, Italy) Sebastiano Seatzu (Univ. di Cagliari, Italy) Abstract: The initial-value problem for the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation is solved numerically by following the various steps of the inverse scattering transform. Starting from the initial value of the solution, a Volterra integral equation is solved followed by three FFT to arrive at the reflection coefficient and initial Marchenko kernel. By convolution these initial data are propagated in time. Using structured-matrix techniques the time evolved Marchenko integral equation is solved to arrive at the solution to the NLS equation. Submitted December 23, 2008. Published January 13, 2009. Math Subject Classifications: 35Q55, 65M32, 45D05. Key Words: Nonlinear Schrodinger equation; structured matrices; inverse scattering transform; numerical computation.