Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, Vol. 2012 (2012), No. 70, pp. 1-8. Title: Uniqueness of positive solutions for a fractional differential equation via a fixed point theorem of a sum operator Authors: Chen Yang (Shanxi Univ., Taiyuan, China) Chengbo Zhai (Shanxi Univ., Taiyuan, China) Abstract: In this work, we study the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions for nonlinear fractional differential equation boundary-value problems. Our analysis relies on a fixed point theorem of a sum operator. Our results guarantee the existence of a unique positive solution, and can be applied for constructing an iterative scheme for obtaining the solution. Submitted January 27, 2012. Published May 07, 2012. Math Subject Classifications: 34B18. Key Words: Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative; positive solution; fractional differential equation; existence and uniqueness; fixed point theorem.