\documentclass[reqno]{amsart}
\usepackage{hyperref}

\AtBeginDocument{{\noindent\small
\emph{Electronic Journal of Differential Equations},
Vol. 2009(2009), No. 36, pp. 1--16.\newline
ISSN: 1072-6691. URL: http://ejde.math.txstate.edu or http://ejde.math.unt.edu
\newline ftp ejde.math.txstate.edu}
\thanks{\copyright 2009 Texas State University - San Marcos.}
\vspace{9mm}}

\begin{document}
\title[\hfilneg EJDE-2009/36\hfil Asymptotic behavior of solutions]
{Asymptotic behavior of solutions to Cauchy-Dirichlet problems
 for second-order hyperbolic equations in cylinder with non-smooth base}

\author[N. M. Hung, B. T. Kim\hfil EJDE-2009/36\hfilneg]
{Nguyen Manh Hung, Bui Trong Kim} % in alphabetical order

\address{Nguyen Manh Hung \newline
Department of  Mathematics, Hanoi National University of
Education, Vietnam}
\email{hungnmmath@hnue.edu.vn}

\address{Bui Trong Kim \newline
Department of Mathematics, Hanam College of Education, Vietnam}
\email{buitrongkim@gmail.com}

\thanks{Submitted August 18, 2008. Published March 3, 2009.}
\subjclass[2000]{35L05, 35L15, 35L20}
\keywords{Generalized solution; asymptotic;
 conical point on the boundary; \hfill\break\indent non-smooth domains}

\begin{abstract}
 This paper  concerns a Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for second-order
 hyperbolic equations in infinite cylinders with the base containing
 conical points. Some results on the asymptotical expansions of
 generalized solutions of this problem are given.
\end{abstract}

\maketitle
\numberwithin{equation}{section}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}

\section{Introduction}

  Boundary-value problems for partial differential
equations and systems in domains with smooth boundary have been
nearly completely studied in the works \cite{a1,d1}. General
boundary-value problems for elliptic equations and systems in
domains with conical points were
considered by  Kondratiev \cite{k1},   Nazarov and
Plamenevsky \cite{n1}. The initial boundary-value problems for
non-stationary equations and systems on non-smooth domains have been
studied by many authors \cite{h1,h2,h3,k2,s1}. The
Neumann problem for hyperbolic
systems in domains with conical point was described in \cite{k2}
and the same problem for the classical heat equation in a dihedral angle
was investigated  in \cite{s1}.
The first initial boundary-value problems  for
strongly hyperbolic systems in an cylinder with conical
point on the boundary of base
have been investigated in \cite{h1}, where the problem  was only
investigated in the finite cylinder.

In this paper we consider a Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for
second-order hyperbolic equations  in infinite cylinders with
non-smooth base.  First, we study the existence, uniqueness and
smoothness with respect to time variable of a generalized solution
in the Sobolev space  by Galerkin's approximate
 method. After that, we take the term containing the derivative in time
of the unknown function to the right-hand side of the equation such that
the problem can be considered  as an elliptic one. We can apply the
results of elliptic boundary-value problems to deal with the asymptotic
of the solutions.

The main goal of this paper is obtaining asymptotical expansions
of solutions of the problem. In section 2 we introduce some
notations and the formulation of the problem. We receive results
on the unique existence and the smoothness with respect to time
variable of solutions in section 3 and the asymptotical expansions
of the solutions in section 4. Finally, in the last section we
apply the results of section 4 to the problems of mathematical
physics.

\section{Formulation of the problem}

 Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with the boundary  
$\partial{\Omega}$.
Set $\Omega_t =\Omega\times(0,t)$ for each $t\in{(0,\infty)}$,
$\Omega_{\infty} =\Omega\times(0,\infty)$,
$S_t=\partial{\Omega}\times(0,t)$ and
$S_\infty=\partial{\Omega}\times(0,\infty)$.

We use the following notation: For each multi-index
$\alpha=(\alpha_1,\dots .\alpha_n)\in{N^n}$,
  $|\alpha|=\alpha_1 +\dots +\alpha_n$ and
  $D^{\alpha}u=\frac{\partial^{|\alpha|}u}
 {\partial{^{\alpha_1}_{x_1}}\dots \partial{^{\alpha_n}_{x_n}}}$
 $=u_{x^{\alpha_1}_{1}\dots x^{\alpha_n}_{n}}$  is the generalized
 derivative up to order $\alpha$ with respect to $x = (x_1,\dots ,x_n)$
 ; $u_{t^k} =\frac{\partial{^k}u}{\partial{t^k}}$ is the generalized
 derivative up to order $k$ with respect to $t$.

  We begin by recalling some functional spaces which will be used
frequently in this paper.
$W^{l}(\Omega)$ is the space consisting of all
 functions $u(x)$, $x\in{\Omega}$, with the norm
 $$
\|u\|_{W^l(\Omega)} = \Big(\sum_{|\alpha|
=0}^{l}\int_{\Omega}|D^{\alpha}u|^2 dx\Big)^{1/2}.
$$
 ${\mathaccent"7017 W}^l(\Omega)$ is the completion of
${\mathaccent"7017 C} C^\infty (\Omega)$  in the norm of the space $W^l(\Omega)$.
\\
$W_\beta^l (\Omega)$ is the space consisting of all functions
$u(x) = (u_1 (x), \ldots, u_s (x))$ which have generalized
derivatives $D^\alpha u_i$, $| \alpha | \le l$, $1 \le i \le s$, satisfying
$$
\| u\|^2_{W_\beta^l (\Omega)} =\sum_{| \alpha | =0}^l
\int_{\Omega} r^{2(\beta +| \alpha | -l)} | D^\alpha u|^2 dx < +\infty.
$$
$W^{l,k}(e^{-\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$ is the space consisting of
 functions $u(x,t)$, $(x,t)\in\Omega_\infty$, with the norm
 $$
\|u\|_{W^{l,k}(e^{-\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)}
= \Big(\int_{\Omega_\infty}\big(\sum_{|\alpha|=0}^{l}|D^{\alpha} u|^{2}
 +\sum_{j=1}^{k} |u_{t^j}|^{2}\big)e^{-2\gamma t}\,dx\,dt\Big)^{1/2},\quad
k\geq 1.
$$
$W^{l,0}(e^{-\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$ is the space consisting of
 functions $u(x,t)$, $(x,t)\in\Omega_\infty$, with the norm
 $$
 \|u\|_{W^{l,0}(e^{-\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)}
= \Big(\int_{\Omega_\infty}\big(\sum_{|\alpha|=0}^{l}|D^{\alpha} u|^{2}
 \,dx\,dt\Big)^{1/2}.
$$
${\mathaccent"7017 W}^{l,k} (e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)$
is the closure in $W^{l,k}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty) $
of the set consisting of infinite differentiable in $\Omega_\infty$
functions which belong   to $W^{l,k}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty) $
 and vanish near $S_\infty$.
\\
 $W^{l,k}_{\beta}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)$
 is the space consisting of  functions $u(x,t)$
 satisfying
$$
\|u\|^{2}_{W^{l,k}_{\beta}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)}
= \int_{\Omega_\infty}\big(\sum_{|\alpha|=0}^{l}
 r^{2(\beta+|\alpha|-l)}|D^{\alpha}u|^{2}
+ \sum_{j=1}^{k}|u_{t^j}|^{2}\big)e^{-2\gamma t}\,dx\,dt <\infty.
$$
Denote by $L^\infty (0, \infty; X)$  the space consisting of
 measurable functions $u :(0, \infty) \to X, t\mapsto u (x, t) $ satisfying
$$
\| u\|_{L^\infty (0, \infty; X)} = \mathop{\rm ess\,sup}_{t>0}
\big\| u (x, t)\big\|_X < + \infty.
$$
Let $L(x,t,D)$ be a differential operator
\begin{equation}
L(x,t,D) \equiv \sum_{i,j=1}^{n}\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}
\Big(a_{ij}\frac {\partial}{\partial x_j}\Big)+a,
 \label{e2.1}
\end{equation}
 where $a_{ij} \equiv a_{ij}(x,t), i,j=1,\dots ,n$ are infinitely differentiable bounded complex-valued functions on
  $\overline\Omega_{\infty}$,
 $a_{ij} = \overline a_{ji}$, $a\equiv a(x,t)$ are infinitely differentiable bounded real-valued functions on
  $\overline\Omega_{\infty}$. Suppose that $a_{ij}, i,j = 1,\dots ,n$, are continuous in $x \in \overline \Omega$ uniformly with respect
 to $t \in [ 0,\infty)$ and
\begin{equation}
\sum_{i,j=1}^{n} a_{ij}(x,t)\xi_i \xi_j \geq \mu_{0}|\xi|^2 \label{e2.2}
\end{equation}
 for all $\xi \in \mathbb{R}^{n}\backslash  \{0\}$ and
$(x,t) \in \overline\Omega_{\infty}$,
  where $\mu_0 $ is a positive constant.

  We consider the following problem in the infinite cylinder
$\Omega_{\infty}$:
\begin{gather}
L(x,t,D)u - u_{tt} = f(x,t), \label{e2.3}\\
u|_{t=0} = u_{t}|_{t=0} =0, \label{e2.4} \\
u|_{S_{\infty}} = 0. \label{e2.5}
\end{gather}

  A function $u(x,t)$ is called a generalized solution of the problem
\eqref{e2.3}--\eqref{e2.5} in $W^{1,1}(e^{- \gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$
if  $u(x,t)\in {\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,1}}(e^{- \gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$,
$u(x,0)=0$ and for each $T>0$ the following  equality holds:
\begin{equation}
 \int_{\Omega_\infty} u_t \overline\eta_{t} \,dx\,dt
 - \int_{\Omega_\infty}\Big(\sum_{i,j=1}^{n}a_{ij}u_{x_j}\overline
 \eta_{x_i} -au\overline\eta\Big)\,dx\,dt
= \int_{\Omega_\infty}f\ \overline\eta \,dx\,dt \label{e2.6}
\end{equation}
for all test functions $\eta =
\eta (x,t)\in {\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,1}}(e^{- \gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$
 such that $\eta(x,t)=0$ with
 $t\in [T,\infty)$.
Set
$$
B[u,v](t)=\sum_{i,j=1}^ n\int_ {\Omega} a_{ij} u_{x_j} \overline
v_{x_i}dx.
$$
The following lemma can be proved similarly to Garding's inequality.

\begin{lemma} \label{lem2.1}
Assume that coefficients $a_{ij}=a_{ij}(x,t)$, $i,j=1\dots n$,
$a=a(x,t)$ of the operator $L(x,t,D)$
 satisfy condition \eqref{e2.2} and
 $a_{ij}(x,t)$ are continuous in $x\in \overline\Omega$
uniformly  with respect to $t \in [0,\infty)$. Then there exist two
constants $\mu_{0} >0$, $\lambda_{0}\geq 0$ such that
$$
B[u,u](t) \geq \mu_0 \|u(x,t)\|^2_{W^1(\Omega)}
- \lambda_0 \|u(x,t)\|^2 _{L_2(\Omega)}
$$
for all functions $u=u(x,t)\in {\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,0}}(e^{-\gamma t},
\Omega_\infty)$.
\end{lemma}

 \noindent \textbf{Remark.}
It follows from the above lemma that if the function
 $a(x,t)$ in \eqref{e2.1} satisfies
$$
a(x,t)\le -\lambda_0, {\rm for~ all}~(x,t)\in\Omega_\infty,
$$
then
\begin{equation}
B_1[u,u](x,t)\equiv B[u,u](t)- \int_\Omega a(x,t)|u(x,t)|^2 dx\geq \mu_0
\|u(x,t)\|^2_{W^1(\Omega)} \label{e2.7}
\end{equation}
for all functions $u=u(x,t)\in {\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,0}}(e^{-\gamma t},
\Omega_\infty)$.

 \section{Solvability of the problem}

  In this section we investigate the smoothness of generalized solutions
with respect to time.  We begin by studying uniqueness of the problem.

\begin{theorem} \label{thm3.1}
Assume that for a positive constant $\mu$,
$$
\sup\Big\{\big|\frac{\partial a_{ij}}{\partial t}\big|,
\big|\frac{\partial a}{\partial t}\big|: (x,t) \in\Omega_\infty,\;
i,j=1\dots ,n\Big\} \leq \mu.
$$
In addition, suppose $a(x,t)\le -\lambda_0$, for all $(x,t)\in\Omega_\infty$.
Then \eqref{e2.3}-\eqref{e2.5} has at most one generalized solution
in $W^{1,1}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)$ for $\gamma>0$ arbitrary.
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
 Suppose that there are two solutions $u_1,u_2$ in
${\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,1}}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)$.
Putting $u=u_1-u_2$, so for each $T>0$ the following  equality holds:
 $$
\int_{\Omega_\infty} u_t \overline\eta_{t} \,dx\,dt
- \int_{\Omega_\infty}\Big(\sum_{i,j=1}^{n}a_{ij}u_{x_j}\overline
 \eta_{x_i} -au\overline\eta\Big)\,dx\,dt = 0
$$
 for all test functions
$\eta = \eta (x,t)\in {\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,1}}(e^{- \gamma t},
\Omega_\infty)$ such that $\eta(x,t)=0$ with
 $t\in [T,\infty)$.
For  $b$ with $0<b<T$, we set
$$
\eta(x,t)  =\begin{cases}
\int_b^t\,u(x,s)ds, & 0\le t\le b,\\
0, & t>b.\end{cases}
$$
It is easy to check that
$\eta(x,t) \in {\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,1}}(e^{- \gamma t}, \Omega_\infty),
\eta(x,t)=0$
with  $t\in [T,\infty)$ and $\eta_t(x,t)=u(x,t)$.
 We have
\begin{align*}
\int_{\Omega_\infty}\eta_{tt}\overline\eta_{t} \,dx\,dt
- \int_{\Omega_\infty}\Big(\sum_{i,j=1}^{n}a_{ij}\eta_{tx_j}\overline
 \eta_{x_i} -a\eta_t\overline\eta\Big)\,dx\,dt = 0.\label{e3.1}
\end{align*}
Adding this equality and its complex conjugate,
using $a_{ij} = \overline a_{ji}, i,j = 1,\dots n$ and
integrating by parts with respect to $t$, we obtain
\begin{equation}
\int_{\Omega}|\eta_{t}(x,b)|^2dx +B_1[\eta,\eta](x,0)
+\int_{\Omega_\infty}\Big(\sum_{i,j=1}^n
 \frac {\partial a_{ij}}{ \partial t}\eta _{x_j} \overline
 {\eta_{x_i}}-\frac{\partial a}{\partial t}\eta\overline\eta\Big) \,dx\,dt
= 0.\label{e3.2}
\end{equation}
Putting  $v_i(x,t)=\int_t^0u_{x_i}(x,s)ds, i=1,\dots ,n$,
$v_0(x,t)=\int_t^0u(x,s)ds$,
we can write
\begin{gather*}
\eta_{x_i}(x,t)=\int_b^tu_{x_i}(x,s)ds =v_i(x,b)-v_i(x,t),\quad
 \eta_{x_i}(x,0)=v_i(x,b).\\
\eta(x,t)=\int_b^tu(x,s)ds =v_0(x,b)-v_0(x,t), \eta(x,0)=v_0(x,b).
\end{gather*}
Substituting those into \eqref{e3.2}, then using the Cauchy's inequality
and \eqref{e2.7}, we obtain
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
&\int_{\Omega}|\eta_{t}(x,b)|^2dx+
\mu_0\sum_{i=0}^n\int_\Omega\ |v_i(x,b)|^2dx\\
&\le C_1b\ \sum_{i=0}^n\int_\Omega\ |v_i(x,b)|^2dx+
C_2\int_0^b\Big(\sum_{i=0}^n\int_\Omega |v_i(x,t)|^2dx\Big)dt\\
&\le C_1b\ \sum_{i=0}^n\int_\Omega\ |v_i(x,b)|^2dx+
C_2\int_0^b\Big(\int_{\Omega}|\eta_{t}(x,t)|^2dx
+\sum_{i=0}^n\int_\Omega |v_i(x,t)|^2dx\Big)dt\label{e3.3}
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
where $C_1, C_2$ are positive constants.
Put
$$
J(t)=\int_{\Omega}|\eta_{t}(x,b)|^2dx+
\sum_{i=0}^n\int_\Omega\ |v_i(x,b)|^2dx.
$$
 From \eqref{e3.3} we get
$$
J(b)\le C \int_0^bJ(t)dt
$$
for all $ b\in [0,\mu_0/2C_1]$, where $C$ is a positive constant.
This implies that $J(t)\equiv 0$ on $[0,\mu_0/2C_1]$ by
Gronwall-Bellman's inequality. It follows $u_1\equiv u_2$ on
$[0,\mu_0/2C_1]$, where $C_1$ does not depend on $b$. By similar
arguments for two functions $u_1, u_2$ on $[\mu_0/2C_1,\tau]$, we
can show that after finite steps $u_1\equiv u_2$ on
$[\mu_0/2C_1,\tau]$. Since $\tau>0$ is arbitrary, so $u_1=u_2$ in
$W^{1,1}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)$.
The proof is complete.
\end{proof}

Now, we establish the existence of generalized solution of the mentioned
problem by Galerkin's approximate method. We use the notation:
$$
\gamma_0=\frac{n\mu}{2\mu_0},
$$
where $n$ is dimensional number of the space $\mathbb{R}^n$, $\mu$
is the constant in theorem 3.1 and $\mu_0$ is the constant in
lemma 2.1. We have following theorem.

\begin{theorem} \label{thm3.2}
Assume that  $a(x,t)\le -\lambda_0$, for all $(x,t)\in\Omega_\infty$
and the following conditions are fulfilled:
\begin{itemize}
\item[(ii)]  $\sup\big\{\big|\frac{\partial^k
a_{ij}}{\partial t^k}\big|, \big|\frac{\partial^k a}{\partial
t^k}\big|\big\}: (x,t) \in \Omega_\infty,\; i,j=1,\dots ,n;\;
 k\le h-1\big\} \leq \mu, h\geq 1$,

\item[(iii)] $ f_{t^k}\in L^{\infty}(0,\infty; L_{2}(\Omega)),k\leq h$,

\item[(iv)] $ f_{t^k}(x,0) = 0, k\leq{h-1}$.
\end{itemize}
Then \eqref{e2.3}--\eqref{e2.5} has a unique generalized solution
$u(x,t)$ in  $W^{1,1}(e^{-\gamma t},\Omega_{\infty})$ for
every $\gamma>\gamma_0$. Moreover, $u(x,t)$ has derivatives with
respect to $t$ up to order $h$ belonging to
${\mathaccent"7017 W}{^{1,1}}(e^{-(2h+1)\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)$
and the following inequality holds:
$$
\|u_{t^h}\|^2 _{W^{1,1}(e^{-(2h+1)\gamma t},\Omega_\infty)}
\leq C \sum_{k=0}^h
 \|f_{t^k}\|^{2}_{L^\infty (0,\infty ; L^2 (\Omega))},
$$
 where $C$ is a positive constant independent of $u$ and $f$.
 \end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
The uniqueness follows from theorem 3.1. The existence is obtained
using Galerkin's method. Let
$\{ \varphi_k \}^\infty _{k=1} \subset {\mathaccent"7017 C}^{\infty}
(\Omega)$ be an  orthogonal system in
$L_2 (\Omega)$ such that its linear closure  in $W^1(\Omega)$ is the
space ${\mathaccent"7017 W}^1(\Omega)$. For each integer $N$ we consider
the function $ u^N (x,t) = \sum_{k=1}^N C^N _k (t) \varphi_k
(x)$, where $(C^N _1 (t),\dots ,C^N _N (t))$ is the solution of the
ordinary differential system
\begin{gather}
 \int_ {\Omega} u^N _{tt} \overline \varphi_l dx
+ \int_ {\Omega}(\sum_{i,j=1}^{n} a_{ij} u^N _{x_j}
\overline\varphi_{l x_i}- a u^N \overline\varphi_l )dx
= - \int_{\Omega} f \overline\varphi_l dx; \quad l=1,\dots ,N, \label{e3.4}\\
 C^N _k (0) =\frac {d} {dt} C^N _k (0) =0, \quad
k=1,\dots N.\label{e3.5}
\end{gather}

Let us multiply \eqref{e3.4} by $d C^N _k (t) / dt$ and take the sum with
respect to $l$ from $1$ to $N$. Then we integrate the equality
obtained with respect to $t$ from $0$ to
 $t$ and add  this equality to its complex conjugate. Finally,
integrating by part and
 applying condition \eqref{e3.5}, we obtain
\begin{align*}
 &\int_{\Omega} |u^N _t (x,t)|^2 dx + \int_{\Omega}
 \big( \sum_{i,j=1}^{n} a_{ij} u^N _{x_j} \overline {u^N
 _{x_i}} -a u^N \overline {u^N}\big)|_{t=t}dx\\
 &=\int_{\Omega_t}\Big(\sum_{i,j=1}^n
 \frac {\partial a_{ij}}{ \partial t} u^N _{x_j} \overline
 {u^N _{x_i}} - \frac {\partial a}{ \partial t} u^N \overline
 {u^N}\Big)\,dx\,dt- 2\mathop{\rm Re} \int_{\Omega_t} f \overline {u^N _t}
 \,dx\,dt.
\end{align*}
Using \eqref{e2.7} and Cauchy's inequality, one has
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
&\|u^N _t (x,t)\|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega)} + \mu _0 \|u^N (x,t)\|^2
 _{W^1 (\Omega)}\\
& \leq \int_{\Omega_t} \big(n\mu \sum_{i=1}^n |u_{x_i}|^2 + \mu
|u^N|^2+\delta |u^N_t|^2\big)\,dx\,dt
 + \frac{t}{\delta}
 \|f\|^2 _{L^\infty (0, \infty ; L_2 ( \Omega))}\\
&\leq \delta\int _{0}^{t} \big( \|u^N _t \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega)}
   + \frac {n\mu}{\delta} \|u^N (x,t)\|
 ^2 _{W^1 ( \Omega)}\big)dt+ \frac{t}{\delta}
 \|f\|^2 _{L^\infty (0, \infty ; L_2 ( \Omega))},
\end{aligned}\label{e3.6}
\end{equation}
where $\delta$ is a positive constant. Choosing $\delta=\frac{n\mu}{\mu_0}$
and  putting
$$
J^N (t) =\|u^N _t (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega)} + \mu _0
 \|u^N (x,t) \|^2 _{ W^1 ( \Omega)},
$$
from inequality \eqref{e3.6} we obtain
 $$
J^N (t) \leq \frac {n \mu}{\mu _0}\int _{0}^{t}J^N
 (\tau)d \tau + t \Big(\frac { \mu_0}{n\mu} \|f\|^2 _{L_{\infty}
(0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))}\Big).
$$
  From this inequality and Gronwall-Bellman's inequality it follows that
   $$
J^N (t) \leq C_1 e^{\frac{n\mu}{\mu_0}t} \|f\|^2 _{L^\infty(0, \infty ;
  L_2 (\Omega))},
$$
  where $ C_1$ is a positive constant  independent of $N$ and $f$.
Since $e^{-\gamma t}\leq 1$ with $\gamma>0$ and $t\geq 0$,
putting $C_0=\min\{\mu_0,1\}$ we have
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
 C_0\|u^N \|^2 _{W^{1,1} (e^{- \gamma t}, \Omega_ \infty)}
&\leq \|u^N _t (x,t)\|^2 _{ L_2 (\Omega)} + \mu _0 \|u^N (x,t)\|^2
 _{W^1 (\Omega)}\\
& \leq C_1 e^{\frac{n\mu}{\mu_0}t }\|f\|^2 _{L^{\infty}
 (0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))}.
\end{aligned}\label{e3.8}
\end{equation}
 Let $\gamma$ be a positive constant such that
$ \gamma >\gamma_0=\frac{n\mu}{2\mu_0}$.
Multiplying both sides of   \eqref{e3.8} by $ e^{-2 \gamma t}$ and
integrating with respect to $t$ from $0$ to
 $\infty$, we get
\begin{equation}
 \|u^N \|^2 _{W^{1,1} (e^{- \gamma t}, \Omega_ \infty)}
\leq C_2 \|f\|^2 _{L^{\infty} (0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))} ,\label{e3.9}
\end{equation}
where $C_2$ is a positive constant independent of $N$ and $f$.

From  \eqref{e3.9} it follows that there exists a subsequence of
the sequence $\{u^N\} $ with converges weakly to a function $u(x,t)$
in the space $W^{1,1}(e^{-\gamma t} , \Omega_ \infty)$. We can check
that $u(x,t)$ is a generalized solution of the problem.

Now we prove the smoothness with respect to time variable of the
generalized solution. We use the induction to show that the following
inequalities are true for all integer $g \geq 0$:
\begin{gather}
\|u^N _{t^g} (x,t)\|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}
 \leq C_3 e^{\frac{(2g+1) n \mu+\epsilon}{\mu_0-\epsilon} t}
\sum_ {k=0}^g \|f_{t^k} \|^2
_{L^{\infty} (0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))}, \label{e3.10}\\
\|u^N _{t^g} (x,t)\|^2 _{W^{1,1} (e^{-(2g+1) \gamma_t},
\Omega_{\infty})} \leq C_4 \sum_ {k=0}^
g \|f_{t^k} \|^2 _{L^{\infty} (0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))}, \label{e3.11}
\end{gather}
where $0<\epsilon<\mu_0$, $C_i$ is a positive constant independent of
$N$ and $f$; $i=3,4$.

For $g=0$ inequalities \eqref{e3.10} and \eqref{e3.11} are true according to
relations \eqref{e3.8} and \eqref{e3.9}. Assume that $s \geq 1$ and
inequalities
\eqref{e3.10} and \eqref{e3.11} hold for all $g \leq {s-1}$.
From identity \eqref{e3.4}
we have
$$
\int_{\Omega} u^N _{t^{s +2}} \overline \varphi_l
dx + \int_{\Omega} \Big( \sum_{i,j=1}^{n} \frac
{\partial^s}{\partial t^s} \big(a_{ij} u^N _{x_{j}}\overline
\varphi_{l x_i} - au \overline\varphi_l\big)\Big)dx
= - \int_{\Omega} {f_{t^s} \overline \varphi_l} dx  .
$$
Multiplying both sides of this identity  by $d^{s+1}C^N_l/d t^{s+1}$ and
taking the sum with respect to $l$ from 1 to $N$ and integrating the
result over $(0,t)$. Then
adding this identity with its complex conjugate, we get
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
&\int_{\Omega_t}\frac{\partial}{\partial
t}\big(u^N_{t^{s+1}}\bar u^N_{t^{s+1}}\big) \,dx\,dt\\
&+2\mathop{\rm Re}
\int_{\Omega_t}\Big(\sum_{i, j=1}^n\big(a_{ij}
u^N_{x_j}\big)_{t^s}\big(\bar
u^N_{x_i}\big)_{t^{s+1}} -\big(au^N\big)_{t^s}\bar u^N_{t^{s+1}}\Big)
\,dx\,dt\\
&= -2\mathop{\rm Re} \int_{\Omega_t}f_{t^s} \bar u^N_{t^{s+1}}\,dx\,dt.
\end{aligned}\label{e3.12}
\end{equation}
Denote
$$
 \binom{k}{s}=\frac{s!}{k!(s-k)!}.
$$
Since $a_{ij}=\bar a_{ji}$ with $i, j=1, 2, \dots, n$, we have
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
 &2\mathop{\rm Re}\sum_{i, j=1}^n(a_{ij} u^N_{x_j})_{t^s}(\bar
u^N_{x_i})_{t^{s+1}} -(au^N)_{t^s}\bar u^N_{t^{s+1}}\\
&=\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Big(\sum_{i, j=1}^na_{ij}(
u^N_{x_j})_{t^s}(\bar
u^N_{x_i})_{t^{s}} -au^N_{t^s}\bar u^N_{t^s}\Big)
-\mathop{\rm Re}\sum_{i, j =1}^m\frac{\partial a_{ij}}{\partial
t}(u^N_{x_j})_{t^s}(\bar u^N_{x_i})_{t^s} + \frac{\partial
a}{\partial t} u^N_{t^s}\bar u^N_{t^s} \\
&+{2 \rm Re}\Big(\sum_{i, j=1}^n\sum_{k=1}^s
\binom{k}{s}\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\big(\frac{\partial ^k
a_{ij}}{\partial t^{k}}(u^N_{x_j})_{t^{s-k}}(\bar
u^N_{x_i})_{t^{s}}\big)-\sum_{k=1}^s\binom{k}{s}\frac{\partial}{\partial
t}\big(\frac{\partial^k a}{\partial t^k} u^N_{t^{s-k}}\bar
u^N_{t^s}\big)\Big)\\
&-2\mathop{\rm Re}\Big(\sum_{i, j=1}^n\sum_{k=1}^s
\binom{k}{s}\big(\frac{\partial ^{k+1} a_{ij}}{\partial
t^{k+1}}(u^N_{x_j})_{t^{s-k}}(\bar
u^N_{x_i})_{t^{s}}\big)-\sum_{k=1}^s\binom{k}{s}\frac{\partial^{k+1}a}{\partial
t^{k+1} }u^N_{t^{s-k}}\bar u^N_{t^s}\Big) \\
& -2\mathop{\rm Re}\Big(\sum_{i, j=1}^n\sum_{k=1}^s
\binom{k}{s}\frac{\partial ^k a_{ij}}{\partial
t^k}(u^N_{x_j})_{t^{s-k+1}}(\bar u^N_{x_i})_{t^s} -
\sum_{k=1}^s\binom{k}{s}\frac{\partial^k a}{\partial t^k} u^N_{t^{s-k+1}} \bar
u^N_{t^{s}}\Big).
\end{aligned} \label{e3.13}
\end{equation}
From the condition $u^N (x,0) = 0$ we get
\begin{align*}
&\int_{\Omega_t}\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Big(\sum_{i,
j=1}^n a_{ij}( u^N_{x_j})_{t^s}(\bar u^N_{x_i})_{t^{s}} - a
u^N_{t^s}\bar
 u^N_{t^s}\Big)\,dx\,dt\\
&=\int_\Omega\Big(\sum_{i,
j=1}^n a_{ij}( u^N_{x_j})_{t^s}(\bar u^N_{x_i})_{t^{s}} - a
u^N_{t^s}\bar
 u^N_{t^s}\Big)\Big|_{t=0}^{t=t}dx
=B_1(u^N_{t^s}, u^N_{t^s})(x,t).
\end{align*}
Therefore, from identities \eqref{e3.12} and \eqref{e3.13} it follows that
\begin{align*}
& \int_ {\Omega} |u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t)|^2 dx + B_1(u^N _{t^s}
, u^N _{t^s})(x,t)\\
 & = -2\mathop{\rm Re} \sum  _{k=1}^{s}
\binom{k}{s}\int_ {\Omega}\Big( \sum
_{i,j=1}^{n}\frac{\partial ^k a_{ij}}{\partial t^k}(u^N
_{x_j})_{t^{s-k}} (\bar {u^N _{x_i}})_{t^s} - \frac{\partial ^k
a}{\partial t^k} u^N _{t^{s-k}} \bar {u^N _{t^s}}\Big)|_{t=t} dx \\
&\quad + 2 \mathop{\rm Re}\sum  _{k=1}^{s} \binom{k}{s}\int_
{\Omega _t}\Big( \sum  _{i,j=1}^{n} \frac{\partial ^{k+1}
a_{ij}}{\partial t^{k+1}}(u^N _{x_j})_{t^{s-k}}(\bar {u^N
_{x_i})}_{t^s} - \frac {\partial ^{k+1} a}{\partial t^{k+1}} u^N
_{t^{s-k
}}\bar {u^N _{t^s}}\Big) \,dx\,dt \\
&\quad + 2 \mathop{\rm Re}\sum  _{k=1}^{s}\binom{k}{s}\int_
{\Omega _t} \Big(\sum  _{i,j=1}^{n}\frac{\partial ^{k}
a_{ij}}{\partial t^k}(u^N _{x_j})_{t^{s-k+1}}( \bar {u^N
_{x_i})}_{t^s} - \frac{\partial ^k a}{\partial t^k}u^N _
{t^{s-k+1}}\bar {u^N _{t^s}}\Big) \,dx\,dt \\
&\quad +\mathop{\rm Re}\int_ {\Omega _t}\Big(\sum
_{i,j=1}^{n}\frac{\partial a_{ij}}{\partial t}(u^N
_{x_j})_{t^{s}}\bar { (u^N _{x_i})}_{t^s} + \frac{\partial
a}{\partial t} u^N _{t^s} \bar {u^N _{t^s}}\Big)\,dx\,dt
-2\mathop{\rm Re} \int_{\Omega _t} f_{t^s} \bar { u^N _{t^{s+1}}}
\,dx\,dt.
\end{align*} %\label{e3.14}
 From this equality, \eqref{e2.7} and Cauchy's inequality, we obtain
\begin{align*}
& \|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega)} + \mu_0 \|u^N
_{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 ( \Omega )} \\
 &\leq \epsilon  \|u^N
_{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}
+ C_1( \epsilon )
\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \|u^N _{t^k} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1
(\Omega)}\\
&\quad +C_2(\epsilon)\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \int_{0}^{t}
\|u^N _{t^k} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}dt\\
&\quad + \int_{\Omega_t}\Big( \big( n \mu
(2s+1)+\epsilon\big)\sum_{i=1}^n|(u_{x_i})_{t^s}|^2+\big(\mu
(2s+1)+\epsilon\big)|u_{t^s}|^2\Big)\,dx\,dt\\
&\quad +\int_{\Omega_t}\delta|u_{t^{s+1}}|^2\,dx\,dt+\int_{\Omega_t}\frac{1}{\delta}|f_{t^s}|^2\,dx\,dt\\
&\leq
 \epsilon  \|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t)
\|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}
+ C_1( \epsilon  )
\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \|u^N _{t^k} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}
\\
&\quad +C_2(\epsilon)\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \int_{0}^{t} \|u^N _{t^k}
(x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}\,dx\,dt
+ \int_{0}^{t}\big( n \mu
(2s+1)+\epsilon\big)\|u_{t^s}^N(x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}dt\\
&\quad +\int_0^t\delta\|u_{t^{s+1}}\|^2_{L_2(\Omega)}dt+\int_{\Omega_t}\frac{1}{\delta}|f_{t^s}|^2\,dx\,dt,
\end{align*}
where $\epsilon$ is a positive constant and $ C_i(\epsilon)$ is positive
constant that depends $\epsilon$, $i=1,2$.
From this inequality we obtain
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
&\|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega)} + (\mu_0-\epsilon)\|u^N
_{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 ( \Omega )}  \\
&\leq  C_1( \epsilon  )
\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \|u^N _{t^k} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}\\
&\quad +\delta\int_0^t\frac{(n\mu(2s+1)
+\epsilon)}{\delta}\|u_{t^s}(x,t)\|^2_{W^1(\Omega)}
+\|u_{t^{s+1}}(x,t)\|^2_{L_2(\Omega)}\Big)dt\\
&\quad +\int_{\Omega_t}\frac{1}{\delta}|f_{t^s}|^2\,dx\,dt + C_2(\epsilon)
\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \int_{0}^{t} \|u_{t^k}^N(x,t) \|^2
_{W^1 (\Omega)} dt,
\end{aligned}  \label{e3.15}
\end{equation}
Substituting $\delta=\frac{(n\mu(2s+1)
+\epsilon)}{\mu_0-\epsilon}$ into \eqref{e3.15}, one can see that
\begin{align*}
& \|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega) } +(\mu_0 -
\epsilon)\|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega) }\\
& \leq \frac{n \mu (2s+1)+\epsilon}{ \mu_0 - \epsilon}
\int_0 ^t \Big( \|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega) }+
( \mu_0 - \epsilon)\|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)
}\Big)dt\\
&\quad + C\Big (\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \|u^N _{t^{k}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1
(\Omega) } + \sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \int_0 ^t \|u^N _{t^{k}}
(x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega) }dt +
\int_{\Omega_t}|f_{t^s}|^2\,dx\,dt \Big),\\
\end{align*}
where $C $ is a positive constant  independent of $N$ and $f$.
From this inequality and by the inductive hypothesis for \eqref{e3.10},
we get
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
& \|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega) } + ( \mu_0 -
\epsilon)\|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega) }\\
& \leq  \frac{n \mu (2s+1)+\epsilon}{ \mu_0 - \epsilon
}\int_0 ^t \Big( \|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega)
}+( \mu_0 - \epsilon)\|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)
}\Big)dt\\
&\quad + C_1(1+t) e^{\frac{n\mu (2s-1)+\epsilon}{\mu_0-\epsilon} t }\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \|f_{t^k}
\|^2 _{L^{\infty} ( 0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))} +C_2t
\|f_{t^s} \|^2 _{L^{\infty} ( 0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))},\\
\end{aligned} \label{e3.16}
\end{equation}
where $ C_i $ are positive constants independent of $N$ and $f$;
$i = 1,2$.
Put
\begin{gather*}
 J^N _s (t) = \|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega) } + (
\mu_0 - \epsilon)\|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega) },\\
\phi(t)=C_1(1+t) e^{\frac{n\mu (2s-1)+\epsilon}{\mu_0-\epsilon} t }
\sum_{k=0}^{s-1} \|f_{t^k} \|^2 _{L^{\infty} ( 0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))}
+C_2t \|f_{t^s} \|^2 _{L^{\infty} ( 0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))}.
\end{gather*}
 From \eqref{e3.16} we have
$$
J^N _s (t)\leq \frac{n \mu (2s+1)+\epsilon}{ \mu_0 - \epsilon
}\int_0 ^t J^N _s (\tau) d\tau +\phi(t). \label{e3.17}
$$
From this inequality and Gronwall-Bellman inequality we obtain
 $$
J^N _s (t)\leq C e^{\frac{n \mu (2s+1)+\epsilon}{ \mu_0 - \epsilon
}t}\sum  _{k=0}^{s} \|f_{t^k}\|^2
_ {L^{\infty} ( 0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))},
$$
 where $ C$ is a positive constant is independent of $N$ and $f$.
Therefore,
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
&\|u^N _{t^{s+1}} (x,t) \|^2 _{L_2 (\Omega) } +(\mu_0 -
\epsilon )\|u^N _{t^{s}} (x,t) \|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega) }\\
&\leq Ce^{\frac{n \mu (2s+1)+\epsilon}{ \mu_0 - \epsilon
}t }\sum  _{k=0}^{s} \|f_{t^k}\|^2 _ {L^{\infty} (
0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))},\label{e3.18}
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
where $C$ is positive constant independent of $N$ and $f$. Therefore,
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
\|u^N _{t^s} (x,t)\|^2 _{W^1 (\Omega)}
 \leq C_1 e^{\frac{(2s+1) n \mu+\epsilon}{\mu_0-\epsilon} t}
\sum_ {k=0}^s\|f_{t^k} \|^2
_{L^{\infty} (0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))},
\end{aligned}\label{e3.19}
\end{equation}
where $C_1$ is a positive constant independent of $N$ and $f$.
Hence \eqref{e3.10} holds for $s$.

Since $\gamma>\gamma_0=\frac{n\mu}{2\mu_0}$,  there exists a
constant $\epsilon$ such that
\begin{equation}
2(2s+1)\gamma_0=\frac{n\mu(2s+1)}{\mu_0}<\frac{n\mu(2s+1)
+\epsilon}{\mu_0-\epsilon}<2(2s+1)\gamma. \label{e3.20}
\end{equation}
Multiplying both sides of  \eqref{e3.19} by $ e^{ -2(2s+1)\gamma t}$
and integrating it with respect to $t$ from $0$ to
$\infty$. Then applying \eqref{e3.20}, we obtain
$$
\| u^N _{t^s} (x,t)\|^2 _{W^{1,1} ( e^{-(2s+1) \gamma t} ,
\Omega_\infty)} \leq C_2 \sum_{k=0}^s \|f_{t^k}\|^2
_{L^{\infty} ( 0, \infty ; L_2 (\Omega))},
$$
where $C_2$ is a positive constant independent of $N$ and $f$.
Hence \eqref{e3.11} holds for $s$ and  \eqref{e3.11} is proved.

Since  $C_2$ from  inequality \eqref{e3.11} are independent
of $N$, relation \eqref{e3.11} yields the inequality.
The proof is complete.
\end{proof}

\section{Asymptotical expansions of solutions}

 Let $\Omega$  be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n (n
\geq 2)$ with the boundary $\partial \Omega$. We suppose that
$\partial \Omega\setminus\{0\}$ is a smooth manifold and $\Omega$
in a neighborhood of the origin $0$ coincides with the cone
$K=\{x: x/|x| \in G\}$, where $G$ is a smooth domain on the unit
sphere $S^{n-1}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Set $ Q_\infty=\Omega\times
(0,\infty)$ and $S_\infty=\partial \Omega\times (0,+\infty)$. We
will use notations:
$D^\alpha=\partial^{|\alpha|}/\partial^{\alpha_1}_{x_1}\ldots
\partial^{\alpha_n}_{x_n}$ for each multi-index $\alpha=(\alpha_1,
\ldots, \alpha_n)\in\mathbb{N}^n$,
$|\alpha|=\alpha_1+ \dots+ \alpha_n$,
 $u_{t^k}=\partial^ku/\partial t^k$,
$ r=|x|=\big(\sum_{k=1}^nx^2_k\big)^\frac{1}{2}$.

 Suppose that $w = (w_1,\dots ,w_{n-1})$ is a local coordinate system
on the unit sphere $S^{n-1}$. Let $L_{0} (0,t,D)$ be the
 principal part of the operator $L(x,t,D)$ at the coordinate origin.
We can write $L_{0} (0,t,D)$ in the form
 $$L_{0} (0,t,D)= r^{-2} Q(w,t,D_{w},rD_{r}),$$
 where $Q(w,t,D_{w},rD_{r})$ is the linear operator with smooth
 coefficients, $D_{r} =i\partial/\partial_r$
 $D_{w}=\partial/\partial {w_1}\dots \partial{ w_{n-1}}$.
 Consider the spectral problem
\begin{gather}
Q(\omega,t,\lambda,D_w)v(w)=0, w\in G, \label{e4.1}\\
v|_{\partial G} = 0. \label{e4.2}
\end{gather}
 It is well known that for every $t\in [0,\infty)$
its spectrum is discrete \cite{a1}.
In the cone $K$ we consider Dirichlet problem for the equation
\begin{equation}
L_0(0,t,D)u=r^{-i\lambda(t)-2}\sum_{s=0}^M \ln ^srf_s(\omega,t),\label{e4.3}
\end{equation}
The following lemma can be found in \cite{n1}.

\begin{lemma} \label{lem4.1}
Assume that $f_s(\omega,t)$, $s=0,\dots ,M$ are  infinitely differentiable
functions with respect to $\omega$. Then there exists the solution of
the Dirichlet problem for \eqref{e4.3} in the form
\begin{equation}
u(x,t)=r^{-i\lambda(t)}\sum_{s=0}^{M+\mu} \ln ^s rg_s(\omega,t),\label{e4.4}
\end{equation}
where $g_s$, $s=0,\dots M+\mu$,  are  infinitely differentiable
functions with respect to $\omega$, $\mu=1$ if $\lambda_0$ is simple
eigenvalue of problem \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2}, and $\mu=0$ if
$\lambda_0$ is not a eigenvalue of this problem.
\end{lemma}

 Now we will study the asymptotical expansions of solutions of problem
\eqref{e2.3}--\eqref{e2.5}. Denote by $K_\infty$ a infinite cylinder with
base $K:~K_\infty=K\times (0,\infty)$. Rewrite the equation
\eqref{e2.3} in the form
\begin{equation}
L_0(0,t,D)u=F(x,t)\label{e4.5}
\end{equation}
where $F(x,t)=(u_{tt}+f)+[L_0(0,t,D)-L(x,t,D)]u$.

\begin{lemma} \label{lem4.2}
Assume that $u(x,t)$ is a generalized solution of problem
\eqref{e2.3}--\eqref{e2.5} in the space
$W^{1,1}(e^{- \gamma t}, K_\infty)$ such that $u\equiv 0$ whenever
$|x|>R$, $R$ a positive constant, and
$u_{t^k}\in W^{2+l,0}_{\beta}(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$,
$F_{t^k} \in W^{l,0}_{\beta'}(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$ for
$k\leq h$, $\beta'<\beta\leq l+1$. In addition, suppose that the
straight lines
$$
\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda= -\beta +l+2 - \frac {n}{2},\quad
\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda= -\beta' +l+2 - \frac {n}{2}
$$
do not contain points of spectrum of problem
\eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2} for every $t\in [0,\infty)$, and
 in the strip
  $$
 -\beta +l+2 - \frac {n}{2}< {\rm Im \lambda} < -\beta' +l+2 - \frac {n}{2}
$$
there exists only simple eigenvalue $\lambda(t)$ of problem
\eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2}.
 Then the following representation holds
$$
u(x,t)=c(t)r^{-i\lambda(t)}\phi(\omega,t)+u_1(x,t),
$$
where $\phi(x,t)$ is an infinitely differentiable function of
$(\omega,t)$, $c_{t^k}\in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$, and
$(u_1)_{t^k}\in W^{l+2,0}_{\beta'}(e^{-(k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$
 for $k\leq h$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
From the result of \cite{n1} it follows that for almost every
$t\in(0,\infty)$ we have
\begin{equation}
u(x,t)=c(t)r^{-i\lambda(t)}\phi(\omega,t)+u_1(x,t)\label{e4.6},
\end{equation}
where $\phi(\omega,t)$ is the energy function of the problem
\eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2} which corresponds to the eigenvalue
$\lambda(t)$, $u_1\in W^{2+l,0}_{\beta'}(e^{-(k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$ and
$$
c(t)=i\int_K F(x,t)r^{-i\overline{\lambda(t)}+2-n}\psi(x,t)dx,
$$
where $\psi(x,t)$ is the energy function of the problem conjugating to
the problem \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2} which corresponds to the eigenvalue
$\overline {\lambda(t)}$. Since
$\mathop{\rm Im} \overline{\lambda(t)}> \beta' -l-2 +\frac{n}{2}$,
from $F(x,t) \in W^{l,0}_{\beta'}(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$
it follows that $c(t)\in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$. Hence the assertion
is proved for $h=0$.

Assume that the assertion is true for $0,1,\dots, h -1$. Denoting
$u_{t^h}$ by $v$. From \eqref{e2.3} and \eqref{e4.5} we obtain
\begin{equation}
 L_0(0,t,D)v = F_{t^h} -\sum_{k=1}^h \begin{pmatrix} h\cr
k\end{pmatrix} L_{0t^k}(0,t,D) u_{t^{h-k}}, \label{e4.7}
\end{equation}
where
\[
L_{0t^k} = \sum_{i,j=1}^n
\frac{\partial^k a_{pq}(0,t)}{\partial t^k}\frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}
\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}.
\]
Putting $S_0(\omega,t) = r^{-i \lambda(t)}\phi(\omega,t)$.
 From \eqref{e4.7} it follows that
\begin{align*}
&\sum_{k=1}^h \begin{pmatrix}h\cr
k\end{pmatrix} L_{0t^k}(0,t,D)u_{t^{h-k}}\\
&= \sum_{k=1}^h \begin{pmatrix} h\cr
k\end{pmatrix}L_{0t^k}(0,t,D) \big[(cS_0)_{t^{h-k}}\big]
 + \sum_{k=1}^h \begin{pmatrix} h\cr
k\end{pmatrix} L_{0t^k}(0,t,D)(u_1)_{t^{h-k}}.
\end{align*}
Using the inductive hypothesis and by
arguments used in the proof of case $h=0$ we  find that
\[
u_{t^h} = v = \sum_{k=1}^h \begin{pmatrix}h\cr
k\end{pmatrix}c_{t^{h-k}}(S_0)_{t^k}+d(t)S_0 + u_2,
\]
where $d(t) \in L_{2,\rm loc}(0,\infty)$, $ u_2 \in W^{2+l,0}_{\beta'}
(e^{-(2h+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$.
Putting
$S_1 = S_0^{-1}(u_1)_{t^{h-1}}$,
$S_2 = S_0^{-1}u_2 - S_0^{-2}(S_0)_t
 (u_1)_{t^{h-1}}$.
Since $(u_1)_{t^{h-1}}, u_2\in W^{l,0}_{\beta'}(e^{-(2h+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$
so  $ S_1, S_2 \in W^{0,0}_{-\frac{n}{2}}
(e^{-(2h+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$. Therefore,
$
I(t)=c_{t^{h-1}}(t)-c_{t^{h-1}}(0)-\int_0^td(\tau)d\tau
=\int_0^tS_2(x,\tau)d\tau-S_1(x,t)+S_1(x,0)\in W^0_{-\frac{n}{2}}(K).
$
Hence $I(t) \equiv 0$ and
$c_{t^h} = d \in L_{2, \rm loc}[0,\infty),
(u_1)_{t^h} = u_2 \in W^{2m+l,0}_{\beta'} (e^{-(h+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$.
This completes the proof.
\end{proof}

\begin{theorem} Let $u(x,t)$ be a generalized solution
of   \eqref{e2.3}-\eqref{e2.5}  in the space
$W^{1, 1} (e^{-\gamma t}, K_\infty)$ such that $u \equiv 0$ whenever
$|x| > R $,  and $f_{t^k} \in L^\infty(0, \infty; W^{l}_0 (K))$
for $k\leq 2l+h+1$, $f_{t^k}(x,0) = 0$ for $k \leq 2l+h$. Assume that
the straight lines
\begin{align*}
\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda = 1 - \frac{n}{2}, \quad
\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda = 2 + l - \frac{n}{2}
\end{align*}
do not contain points of spectrum of \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2}
for every $t \in [0,\infty)$,  and in the strip
\begin{align*}
1 - \frac{n}{2} < \mathop{\rm Im} \lambda < 2+l - \frac{n}{2}
\end{align*}
there exists only one simple eigenvalue $\lambda(t)$ of
 \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2}.
 Then the following representation holds
\begin{equation}
u(x,t) = \sum_{s=0}^{l} c_s(t)r^{- i \lambda(t) +s}
P_{3l ,s}(\ln r) + u_1(x,t), \label{e4.8}
\end{equation}
where $P_{3l,s}$ is a polynomial of order less than
$3l +1$ and  coefficients infinitely differentiable functions
of $(\omega,t)$, $(c_s)_{t^k} \in L_{2,\rm loc}(0,\infty)$,
$(u_1)_{t^k} \in W^{2+l,0}_0 (e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k \leq h+l$.
\end{theorem}

 \begin{proof}
We will use  induction on $l$. If $l = 0$ the statement follows
from Lemma 4.2 with $\beta=1$,  $\beta'=0$ and theorem 3.2.
Let the statement be true for $j\leq (l-1)$. We distinguish the following
cases:

\noindent\textbf{Case 1:}  $1 - \frac{n}{2} < \mathop{\rm Im} \lambda(t) <
2+j-\frac{n}{2}$.
From the induction hypothesis,
\begin{equation}
u(x,t) = \sum_{s=0}^j c_s(t)r^{- i \lambda(t)+s}P_{3j,s}
(\ln r) + u_1(x,t), \label{e4.9}
\end{equation}
where $P_{3j,s}$ is a polynomial of less than $3j+1$ and
coefficients infinitely differentiable functions of $(\omega,t)$,
$(c_s)_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$,
$(u_1)_{t^k} \in W^{2+j,0}_0 (e^{- (2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k \leq h+j$. Therefore
\[
 L_0(0,t,D) u_1 = F_1 -LS +S_{tt},
\]
where $F_1 = (u_1)_{tt} + f + [L_0(0,t,D)-L(x,t,D)]u_1$,
$$
S = \sum_{s=0}^{j} c_s(t) r^{-i \lambda(t)+s}P_{3j,s}(\ln r).
$$
Since $f_{t^k} \in L^\infty (0, \infty; W^{j+1}_0(K))$ for
$k \leq 2(j+1)+h+1$  and
$f_{t^k}(x,0)=0$ for $k \leq 2j+h+1$,  so
$f_{t^k} \in L^\infty(0,\infty ; W^j_0(K))$, $k \leq 2j+(h+2)+1$,
 and $f_{t^k}(x,0) = 0$, $k \leq 2j+h+1$.
Therefore, $(c_s)_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$ and
$(u_1)_{t^k} \in W^{j+2,0}_0(e^{- (2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k \leq h + j + 2$.
Hence it follows that
$(F_1)_{t^k} \in W^{j+1,0}_0(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$ for
$k \leq j+h+1$.
On the other hand
\[
-LS +S_{tt} = F_2 + \sum_{s=0}^{j+1}
\widetilde c_s(t) r^{-i \lambda(t)-2+s}
\widetilde P_{3j+2,s}(\ln r),
\]
where $\widetilde P_{3j+2,s}$ is a polynomial having order  less than
$3j+3$ and its coefficients are infinitely differentiable functions of
$(\omega,t)$, $(F_2)_{t^k} \in W^{j+1,0}_0(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$,
and
$(\widetilde c_s)_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$ for $k \leq h+j+1$.
Therefore we obtain
\[
L_0(0,t,D) u_1 = F_3 + \sum_{s=0}^{j+1}
\widetilde c_s(t)r^{-i \lambda(t)-2+s}
\widetilde P_{3j+2,s}(\ln r),
\]
where
$F_3 = F_1 + F_2 \in W^{j+1,0}_0(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)
\subseteq H^{j,0}_{-1}(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$.
By Lemma 3.1 we  find
\[
u_1(x,t) = \sum_{s=0}^{j+1} \widetilde c_s(t)r^{-i \lambda(t)+s}
\widetilde P_{3j+3,s}(\ln r) + u_2(x,t),
\]
where $\widetilde P_{3j+3,s}$ is a polynomial having order  less than
$3j+4$ and  its coefficients are infinitely differentiable functions of
$(\omega,t)$, $(u_2)_{t^k} \in W^{2+j,0}_{-1}(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k \leq h+j+1$. Therefore
 $(u_2)_{t^k} \in W^{j+3,0}_0
(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$ for $k \leq h+j+1$.
Hence and from \eqref{e4.9} it follows that
\[
u(x,t) = \sum_{s=0}^{j+1} c_s(t)r^{-i \lambda(t)+s}
P_{3j+3,s}(\ln r) + u_2(x,t),
\]
where $ P_{3j+3,s}$ is a polynomial having order  less than
$3j+4$ and  its coefficients are infinitely differentiable functions of
$(\omega,t)$, $(c_s)_{t^k}  \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$, and
$(u_2)_{t^k} \in W^{j+3,0}_0(e^{- (2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $ k \leq h+j+1$.


\noindent\textbf{Case 2:}  $2+j-\frac{n}{2} < \mathop{\rm Im} \lambda(t) <
3+j-\frac{n}{2}$.
 From theorem 3.2 we have $u_{t^k}\in W^{1,1}(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$.
Hence (see \cite{h1}) $u_{t^k} \in W^{2,0}_1(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k\leq h+2l$. On the other hand, the strip
$1-\frac{n}{2} \leq \mathop{\rm Im}\lambda \leq
2-\frac{n}{2}$ does not contain points of spectrum of the problem
\eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2} for every $t \in (0, \infty)$.
Hence and from theorems on the smoothness of solutions of elliptic
problems in domains with conical  points (see \cite{n1})
it follows that $u_{t^k} \in W^{2,0}_0(e^{- (2k+1)\gamma t},K_\infty)$ for
$k \leq h +2l$.

We will prove that if $f_{t^k} \in L^\infty (0, \infty;
W^{j}_0(K))$ for $k \leq 2j+h+1$ and $f_{t^k}(x,0)=0$ for $k \leq 2j+h$, then
$u_{t^k} \in W^{2+j,0}_0(e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$, \
$k \leq h + 2l -j$.
This  assertion was proved for $j = 0$. Assume that it is true for $j-1$.
Since $f_{t^k} \in L^\infty (0, \infty; W^{j-1}_0(K))$ for
$k \leq 2(j-1)+(h+2)+1$ and
$f_{t^k}(x,0) = 0$ for $k \leq 2(j-1)+h+2$,  then from inductive
hypothesis it follows that
$u_{t^k} \in W^{j+1,0}_0 (e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$,
$k \leq h + 2l -j+3$.
Therefore, $u_{t^{k+2}}\in W^{j-1,-1}_{-1} (e^{-(2k+3)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k \leq h + 2l -j$. Hence and from the fact that the strip
\begin{align*}
j+1- \frac{n}{2} < \mathop{\rm Im}\lambda <  j+2 - \frac{n}{2}
\end{align*}
does not contain points of spectrum of \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2} for every
$t \in [0, \infty)$, we obtain
$u_{t^k} \in W^{j+1,0}_{-1} (e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$,
$k \leq h+2l -j$. Hence
 $u_{t^k} \in W^{j+2,0}_0 (e^{- (2k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$
for $k \leq h + 2l -j$.

By Lemma 4.2 and from above arguments we obtain
\begin{align*}
u(x,t) = c(t) r^{-i\lambda(t)} \varphi(\omega,t) + u_1(x,t),
\end{align*}
where $\varphi$ is an infinitely differentiable function
of $(\omega,t)$ which does not depend on the solution,
$c_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0, \infty)$, and
$(u_1)_{t^k} \in W^{2+l,0}_0(e^{-(k+1)\gamma t}, K_\infty)$ for
$k \leq h+l$.


\noindent\textbf{case 3:}  There exists $t_0$ such that
$\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda (t_0) = 2+j - \frac{n}{2}$.
We can assume that
$2+j-\epsilon - \frac{n}{2}<\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda (t)<3+j-\epsilon
- \frac{n}{2}, 0<\epsilon<1$.
By arguments used in case 1 and 2 we obtain \eqref{e4.8}.
The proof is complete.
\end{proof}

 \begin{theorem} \label{thm4.2}
 Let $u(x,t)$ be a generalized solution
of  \eqref{e2.3}-\eqref{e2.5} in the space
$W^{1, 1} (e^{-\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$,  and
$f_{t^k} \in L^\infty(0, \infty;W^{l}_0 (\Omega))$ for
$k\leq2l+h+1$, $f_{t^k}(x,0) = 0$ for $k \leq 2l+h$.
Assume that the straight lines
\[
\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda = 1 - \frac{n}{2}, \quad
\mathop{\rm Im} \lambda = 2 + l - \frac{n}{2}
\]
do not contain points of spectrum of \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2}
for every $t \in [0,\infty)$,  and in the strip
\[
1 - \frac{n}{2} < \mathop{\rm Im} \lambda < 2+l - \frac{n}{2}
\]
there exists only one simple eigenvalue $\lambda(t)$ of
 \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2}.
Then the following representation holds
\begin{equation}
u(x,t) = \sum_{s=0}^{l} c_s(t)r^{- i \lambda(t) +s}
P_{3l ,s}(\ln r) + u_1(x,t), \label{e4.10}
\end{equation}
where $P_{3l,s}$ is a polynomial of order less than
$3l +1$ and  coefficients  infinitely differentiable functions
of $(\omega,t)$, $(c_s)_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$,
$(u_1)_{t^k} \in W^{2+l,0}_0 (e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$
for $k \leq h+l$.
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
Surrounding the point $0$ by a neighbourhood $U_0$ with
small diameter that the intersection of $\Omega$ and $U_0$ coincides
with $K$.
Consider a function $u_0 = \varphi_0 u$, where
$\varphi_0 \in {\mathaccent"7017 C}^\infty (U_0)$ and
$\varphi_0 \equiv 1$ in some neighbourhood of $0$.
The function $u_0$ satisfies the system
$$
L(x, t, D) u_0 -(u_0)_{tt} =\varphi_0 f + L' (x, t, D)u,
$$
where $L' (x, t, D)$ is a linear differential operator having order
less than $2$. Coefficients of this operator depend on the choice
of the function $\varphi_0$ and equal to 0 outside $U_0$.
Hence and from arguments analogous to the proof of Theorem 4.1,
we obtain
\begin{equation}
\varphi_0u(x,t) =\sum_{s=0}^l c_s(t)
r^{- i \lambda(t)+s} P_{3l,s}(\ln r) + u_2(x,t), \label{e4.11}
\end{equation}
where $P_{3l,s}$ is a polynomial of order less than $3l +1$
and  coefficients  infinitely differentiable functions of
$(\omega,t)$,
$(c_s)_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$,
$(u_2)_{t^k} \in W^{2+l,0}_0(e^{- (k+1)\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$ for
$k \leq  h+l$.

The function $\varphi_1 u = (1- \varphi_0) u$ equals to 0 in some
neighbourhood of the conical point. We can apply the known theorem on
the smoothness of solutions of elliptic problems in a smooth domain
to this function and obtain $\varphi_1 u \in W^{2+ l}_0 (\Omega)$
for almost every $t \in (0, \infty)$. Hence we have
$(\varphi_1 u)_{t^k} \in W^{2 + l,0}_0 (e^{-(k+1)\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$
for $k \leq  h+l$.
Since $u = \varphi_0 u + \varphi_1 u$ so from \eqref{e4.11} we
obtain \eqref{e4.10}.
The proof is complete.
\end{proof}

\section{An example}

In this section we apply the previous results to the
Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for the wave equation.  Let $\Omega$  be
a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$. It is shown that the
asymptotic of the generalized solution of the problem  depends on
the structure of the boundary of the domain, and the right-hand
side.
We consider the Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for
wave equation in $\Omega_\infty $:
\begin{equation}
\Delta u - u_{tt} = f(x,t) \label{e5.1}
\end{equation}
with initial conditions
\begin{equation}
u|_{t=0} = u_t |_{t=0} =0  \label{e5.2}
\end{equation}
and  boundary condition
\begin{equation}
u|_{S_\infty } =0, \label{e5.3}
\end{equation}
where $ \Delta $ is the Laplace operator.

Assume that in a neighborhood of the origin of coordinates, the
boundary $\partial \Omega $ coincides with a rectilinear angle
having measure  $w_0 $. Then spectral problem \eqref{e4.1}-\eqref{e4.2} is
Sturm-Liouville problem:
\begin{gather}
v_{ww} - \lambda^2 v =0, 0<w < w_0, \label{e5.4} \\
v(0) = v(w_0 ) =0. \label{e5.5}
\end{gather}
Eigenvalues of \eqref{e5.4}-\eqref{e5.5} are
$ \lambda_k = \pm i (\pi k/w_0)$, $ k $ is a positive integer.
They are simple eigenvalues. Then it follows that
$mathop{\rm Im} \lambda_k = \pm( \pi k/w_0)$.

If $w_0 > \pi$, then $0<\pi/w_0<1$. On the other hand $0<\omega_0<2\pi$
so $ (k \pi/w_0) >1 $ for all $ k \geq 2$. Therefore, in the trip
$ 0 \leq {\rm Im} \lambda \leq 1 $ there exists only one simple
eigenvalue $\lambda(t)=i\pi/w_0$ of the problem \eqref{e5.4}-\eqref{e5.5}.
 From Theorem 4.2 we obtain the following result.

\begin{theorem} \label{thm5.1}
 Let $u(x, t ) $ be a generalized solution of \eqref{e5.1}-\eqref{e5.3}
in the space $ W^{1,1} ( e^{-\gamma t}, \Omega _\infty )$.
In addition, suppose that
$f_{t^k} \in L^\infty(0, \infty; L_2 (\Omega))$ for
$k\leq h+1$, $f_{t^k}(x,0) = 0$ for $k \leq h$.
Then the following representation holds
$$
u(x,t) = c(t)r^{\pi/w_0} P(\ln r) + u_1(x,t),
$$
where $P$ is a polynomial having order less than
$1$ and its coefficients are infinitely differentiable functions
of $(\omega,t)$, $c_{t^k} \in L_{2, \rm loc}(0,\infty)$,
$(u_1)_{t^k} \in W^{2,0}_0 (e^{-(2k+1)\gamma t}, \Omega_\infty)$
for $k \leq h$.
\end{theorem}

\begin{thebibliography}{00}

\bibitem{a1} M. S. Agranovich and M. I. Vishik.
\emph{Elliptic problems with a parameter
 and parabolic problems of general type.}
Usp. Mat. Nauk,19, No3, 53-161 (1964).

\bibitem{d1} R. Dautray and J. L. Lions (1990).
\emph{Mathematical analysis and numerical methods for science and technology.} Springer-Verlag, vol. 3.

\bibitem{h1} N. M. Hung (1999).
\emph{Asymptotic behaviour of solutions of the first buondary-value problem for strongly hyperbolic systems
near a conical point at the boundary of the domain.} Math. Sbornik,
19, 103-126.

\bibitem{h2} N. M. Hung and N. T. Anh (2008)
\emph{Regularity of solutions of initial-boundary-value problems for parabolc equations in domains with conical points.} J. Differential Equations, Volume 245, Issue 7, 1 October 2008, 1801-1818.

\bibitem{h3} N. M. Hung  and Yao J. C. (2008)
\emph{Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for second-order hyperbolic equations in cylinder with non-smooth base.}
Nonlinear Analysis, Volume 70, Issue 2, 15 January 2009, 741-756.

\bibitem{k1} V. G. Kondratiev.
\emph{The boundary problems for elliptic equations in domains with conical or angled points.}
 Trudy Moskov. Mat. Obshch, T. 16, 209-292, (1967).

\bibitem{k2} A. Kokatov and B. A. Plamenevssky.
\emph{On the asymptotic on solutions to the Neumann problem for hyperbolic
systems in domain with conical point.} English transl., St.
Peterburg Math. J, 16, No 3, 477-506, (2005).

\bibitem{n1} S. A. Nazrov and B. A. Plamenevsky.
\emph{Elliptic problems in domains with piecewise-smooth boundary.}
 Nauka, Moscow, (1990), (in Russian).

\bibitem{s1} V. A. Solonnikov.
\emph{On the solvability of classical initial boundary-value problem for the heat equation
in a dihedral angle.} Zap. Nauchn. Sem. Leningr. Otd. Mat. Inst.
127, 7-48, (1983), (in Russian).


\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}
