Electron. J. Differential Equations, Vol. 2026 (2026), No. 12, pp. 1-15.

A note on sufficient conditions for the real Jacobian conjecture in R^2

Xiuli Cen, Kangnong Hu, Yuzhou Tian

Abstract:
The real Jacobian conjecture in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) claims that if \(F=(f,g):\mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2\) is a polynomial map such that \( \det DF(x,y)\neq 0 \) for all \((x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^2\), then \(F\) is globally injective. However, it is known that there exists a counterexample on this conjecture. Since then, various sufficient conditions have been proposed to ensure that the real Jacobian conjecture holds. In this article, we generalize a result in [25] to the quasi-homogeneous case. Moreover, we provide several examples to illustrate the relationships between some existing sufficient conditions regarding this conjecture.

Submitted January 15, 2026. Published February 11, 2026.
Math Subject Classifications: 34C05, 34C08, 14R15.
Key Words: Real Jacobian conjecture; Newton diagram; Bendixson compactification; quasi-homogeneous.
DOI: 10.58997/ejde.2026.12

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Xiuli Cen
School of Mathematics and Statistics
HNP-LAMA, Central South University
Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
email: cenxiuli2010@163.com
Kangnong Hu
School of Mathematics and Statistics
HNP-LAMA, Central South University,
Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
email: hukangnong2000@csu.edu.cn
Yuzhou Tian
Department of Mathematics
Jinan University
Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
email: tianyuzhou2016@163.com

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