Electron. J. Differential Equations, Vol. 2026 (2026), No. 27, pp. 1-22.

Approximations of the set of trajectories, attainable sets, and integral funnel of a control system with integral and geometric constraints on the control functions

Anar Huseyin, Nesir Huseyin, Khalik G. Guseinov

Abstract:
This article studies approximations to the set of trajectories, attainable sets and integral funnel of a control system described by an ordinary differential equation. It is assumed that the equation is nonlinear with respect to the phase state vector and affine with respect to the control vector. The system includes control functions, some of which satisfy the \(L_p\) \((p\in (1,\infty))\) norm constraint, while the others satisfy the \(L_{\infty}\) norm constraint. Step by step, the set of admissible control functions is replaced by a set consisting of a finite number of piecewise-constant control functions that generate a finite number of trajectories. Error evaluations are provided for the Hausdorff distances between the set of trajectories, attainable sets, integral funnel, and their approximations, which depend on discretization parameters.

Submitted December 7, 2025. Published April 13, 2026.
Math Subject Classifications: 93B03, 93C10, 34H05, 49M25.
Key Words: Control system; geometric constraint; integral constraint; trajectories; attainable set; integral funnel; approximation.
DOI: 10.58997/ejde.2026.27

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Anar Huseyin
Department of Statistics and Computer Sciences
Faculty of Science, Cumhuriyet University
Sivas 58140, Turkey
email: ahuseyin@cumhuriyet.edu.tr
Nesir Huseyin
Department of Mathematics and Science Education
Faculty of Education, Cumhuriyet University
Sivas 58140, Turkey
email: nhuseyin@cumhuriyet.edu.tr
Khalik G. Guseinov
Krasovskii Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics
Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Yekaterinburg 620108, Russia
email: k.g.guseinov@gmail.com

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